Technical Glossary

A plain-english guide to the terminology of modern software development.

Frontend

The part people actually see and click.

Backend

The part that does work you don't want happening in someone's browser.

Database

The thing that remembers information after someone closes the tab.

API

A structured way for two pieces of software to talk to each other.

Browser

The program that downloads your website and draws it on screen.

Repository

The tracked home of your project's code and its full history.

Commit

A saved checkpoint of your project.

Push

Sending your local commits up to the remote repository.

Branch

A parallel line of work.

Hosting

Someone else's always-on computer that serves your website to the world.

Deployment

Taking the code from your repository and making it live.

Domain

The human-readable address people type to reach your site.

DNS

The internet's address book.

A record

A DNS record pointing a domain straight at a numeric server address.

CNAME

A DNS record pointing one name at another name.

Nameserver

The servers that decide who answers DNS questions for your domain.

SSL

The lock icon. Encryption between the browser and your site.

Environment variable

A configuration value stored outside your code.

Framework

A pre-built structure so you don't reinvent everything.

Dependency

Code written by someone else that your project uses.

Build

Turning your source code into the optimised files a browser can run.

package.json

Your project's ID card and shopping list.

.gitignore

A list of files Git should pretend do not exist.

Terminal

A text window where you type commands to your computer.

Localhost

Your website running on your own computer, visible only to you.

Responsive design

One site that works on a phone, a tablet and a 32-inch monitor.

Accessibility

Making sure people with disabilities can actually use your site.

404

The page that appears when a URL doesn't exist.

Version control

An extremely sophisticated save button with trust issues.